One Belt One Road Initiative was launched by President Xi Jinping in late 2013 to address challenges from the upgrading of the Chinese export-oriented economy and reorganizing of its outbound investments. In past years, the initiative has evolved to become a grand strategy of China for national resurgence in economics, politics as well as culture. The main focus has been placed on the Silk Road spirit, which means peace and development and multi-polarity in global governance. As such, the Chinese strategy involves geostrategic issues at global, regional and national levels and a disruption to the existing status quo of Pax Americana that has been established since the World War II in the 20th Century.

